Gotfried J, Merck Manual. Constipation in adults. Updated January 2022. Accessed March 3, 2023. https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/digestive-disorders/symptoms-of-digestive-disorders/constipation-in-adults
American Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons. Constipation expanded information. Accessed March 3, 2023. https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/constipation-expanded-version.
Sparberg M. Chapter 89: Constipation. In: Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, eds. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. 3rd edition. Boston: Butterworths; 1990. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK415/.
Gotfried J, Merck Manual. Constipation in adults. Updated January 2022. Accessed March 3, 2023. https://www.merckmanuals.com/home
/digestive-disorders/symptoms-of-digestive-disorders/constipation-in-adultsAmerican Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons. Constipation expanded information. Accessed March 3, 2023. https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/constipation-expanded-version.
Sparberg M. Chapter 89: Constipation. In: Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, eds. Clinical Methods: The History, Physical, and Laboratory Examinations. 3rd edition. Boston: Butterworths; 1990. Available from: https://fascrs.org/patients/diseases-and-conditions/a-z/constipation-expanded-version.